{"id":3113,"date":"2023-09-07T09:31:03","date_gmt":"2023-09-07T09:31:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.adiccionesalicante.com\/?p=3113"},"modified":"2023-09-07T09:58:22","modified_gmt":"2023-09-07T09:58:22","slug":"la-importancia-de-reconocer-la-preadiccion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forummontau.com\/alicante\/la-importancia-de-reconocer-la-preadiccion\/","title":{"rendered":"La importancia de reconocer la preadicci\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Nora Volkow, directora del Instituto Nacional sobre el Abuso de Drogas<\/a>, y otros pensadores del campo del tratamiento de adicciones proponen el t\u00e9rmino \u00abpreadicci\u00f3n<\/strong>\u00bb para describir el trastorno por uso de sustancias de leve a moderado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El t\u00e9rmino imita conscientemente la \u00abprediabetes\u00bb, un t\u00e9rmino ahora aceptado para describir a las personas con niveles de az\u00facar en la sangre m\u00e1s altos de lo normal y que tienen un alto riesgo de desarrollar diabetes. La designaci\u00f3n de \u00abprediabetes\u00bb ha permitido que los recursos y las intervenciones se dirijan a esta etapa m\u00e1s temprana de la afecci\u00f3n, cuando es m\u00e1s f\u00e1cil y menos costosa de tratar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ese es exactamente el objetivo que Volkow & Co. tienen en cuenta con la preadicci\u00f3n. As\u00ed es como lo explica en un comentario en JAMA Psiquiatr\u00eda<\/a><\/em>: \u00abEl t\u00e9rmino’ preadicci\u00f3n ‘ da un nombre f\u00e1cilmente comprensible a un per\u00edodo de tiempo vulnerable en el que la atenci\u00f3n<\/a> preventiva podr\u00eda ayudar a evitar las graves consecuencias del consumo de drogas y los trastornos graves por consumo de sustancias\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Volkow compara esto con otras afecciones: \u00abAhora es est\u00e1ndar controlar los factores de riesgo como el colesterol, la presi\u00f3n arterial y el IMC durante los chequeos de rutina, de modo que se puedan tomar medidas mediante una combinaci\u00f3n de cambios en el estilo de vida y medicamentos\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 las personas con adicci\u00f3n al alcohol<\/a> y las drogas necesitan \u00abtocar fondo\u00bb, como dice habitualmente, antes de que su condici\u00f3n sea reconocida y tratada?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si esta designaci\u00f3n se afianza, se espera que obligue al establecimiento de atenci\u00f3n m\u00e9dica a reconocer y destinar recursos para la etapa previa a la adicci\u00f3n. Adem\u00e1s, las personas con preadicci\u00f3n podr\u00e1n reconocerla mejor y buscar tratamiento para ella.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Una vez m\u00e1s, la idea es que la afecci\u00f3n se detecte temprano, cuando sea m\u00e1s f\u00e1cil controlarla y antes de que sean necesarias intervenciones serias como la desintoxicaci\u00f3n o el tratamiento hospitalario.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un punto clave a tener en cuenta: cuando una persona llega a una adicci\u00f3n total a las drogas o al alcohol, la qu\u00edmica y la estructura de su cerebro se han reconfigurado. Esos cambios se pueden revertir con el tiempo, pero eso requiere meses de sobriedad. Mientras tanto, la qu\u00edmica cerebral alterada hace que sea m\u00e1s dif\u00edcil mantenerse en el camino de la recuperaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La importancia de intervenir en la etapa previa a la adicci\u00f3n es que, en la mayor\u00eda de los casos, esos cambios cerebrales asociados con la adicci\u00f3n a\u00fan no habr\u00e1n ocurrido. En consecuencia, el camino de regreso a un estado mental saludable es menos arduo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Para concluir, he aqu\u00ed por qu\u00e9 el tratamiento dirigido en la etapa previa a la adicci\u00f3n tiene tanto sentido:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Identificaci\u00f3n y tratamiento de la preadicci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Para tratar la preadicci\u00f3n, primero debes identificarla. Esto significa ex\u00e1menes de detecci\u00f3n e intervenci\u00f3n durante los chequeos de rutina en el entorno de atenci\u00f3n primaria, entre otros lugares. Eso suena bastante obvio, pero a\u00fan no estamos all\u00ed en t\u00e9rminos de c\u00f3mo se ven esas pantallas. Sin embargo, el objetivo de la intervenci\u00f3n es claro: como lo expresa Volkow \u00abalertar a las personas sobre patrones problem\u00e1ticos de consumo de drogas o alcohol que (todav\u00eda) no alcanzan el umbral de la adicci\u00f3n\u00bb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nora Volkow, directora del Instituto Nacional sobre el Abuso de Drogas, y otros pensadores del campo del tratamiento de adicciones proponen el t\u00e9rmino \u00abpreadicci\u00f3n\u00bb para describir el trastorno por uso de sustancias de leve a moderado. El t\u00e9rmino imita conscientemente la \u00abprediabetes\u00bb, un t\u00e9rmino ahora aceptado para describir a las personas con niveles de az\u00facar en […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3114,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,53],"tags":[50],"class_list":["post-3113","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-adicciones","category-preadiccion","tag-forum-alicante","entry","has-media"],"yoast_head":"\nLa 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